Green finance is gaining importance in attaining financial success and sustainability amid growing environmental concerns. Several research studies have notably enhanced the understanding of green finance’s impact on firm performance. Consequently, the present bibliometric analysis investigates the literature pertaining to the association between green finance and firm performance by reviewing 403 research studies published between 1994 and 2024. The data is sourced from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases and analysed using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer software. The study provides valuable insights by identifying major publication trends, the most influential countries, institutions, journals, articles, and authors in this domain. Furthermore, it incorporates visualisation maps to identify keyword occurrences. In addition, the study delineates various research themes across different time periods. A manual thematic analysis is also conducted to identify and refine key themes during the initial quarter of 2024. The analysis identifies some prominent themes such as environmental finance and investment, corporate sustainability and performance, market reaction to green initiatives, social responsibility in business, climate change and corporate adaptation, and sustainable investment trends. The implications of these findings are relevant for researchers and academicians in identifying present trends and future research directions in this field.