Despite a plethora of laws and acts concerning environmental protection and conservation, India ranks amongst the most polluted countries in the world. The root causes for the current deplorable environmental state are poor monitoring, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws. This paper examines the administrative framework of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). The paper consists of three sections. The first section provides an overview of the administrative set up of the MoEFCC in India. The second section highlights the major issues and recommendations associated with the functioning of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Boards. The third and final section examines the problem from the current context – are the issues highlighted in the 2006 study still relevant today? This is done by examining the current literature and publications. This section also examines the National Green Tribunal (NGT) and highlights issues therein.