Indian Journal of Sustainable Development

1. Christopher Dick-Sagoe – Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, South Africa.

2. Thati G. Ramphile – School of Social Sciences, Botswana Open University, Botswana.

Received
16-Feb-2026
Accepted
10-Mar-2026
Published
01-Sep-2026
Abstract
Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) depends on the provision of quality healthcare. Many studies assess the quality of healthcare services by relying on healthcare users, as they are the direct beneficiaries and best positioned to evaluate the services they receive. This study is based on quantitative analysis and surveyed 600 respondents (healthcare users) from across Botswana using online questionnaires. The study used a sixpoint Likert scale to categorise the responses from the healthcare service providers and descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation to analyse the data. With the objective of assessing the factors that contribute to quality healthcare service delivery from the perspective of healthcare service users, the study observed that healthcare users in Botswana are not satisfied with the quality of healthcare services they receive. All the quality healthcare indicators used were rated negatively by the healthcare users. Despite this dissatisfaction with the quality of healthcare service delivery in Botswana, the study observed that, in summary, the healthcare service users somewhat agreed with the following indicators of quality healthcare: effectiveness (average mean of 3.61), patient-centredness (average mean of 3.55), and safety (average mean of 3.54). On the other hand, the healthcare service users completely disagreed with quality healthcare indicators like efficiency (average mean of 3.43), equity (average mean of 3.46), and timeliness (average mean of 3.06). The government should focus on improving low-performing areas such as the efficiency of public health services.
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