The exponential growth of internet technology has led to millions of queries being processed every minute. In order to provide the user with the best result, the search engine uses various algorithms to rule out the unnecessary links from their index and rank the web pages with the relevant keywords. The search engine is a webpage embedded with advanced algorithms and programs that enable a user to find or search any query and provide the user with the most relevant data by identifying the keywords. In order for a website to gain ranks among their highest, the methodology of SEO is followed. SEO, Search Engine Optimization is the process of optimizing the webpage in order to rank up in the respective search engine. Google search engine uses various algorithms such as Hummingbird, Panda, Penguin, etc. to analyze the website and rank them accordingly. In this paper, an attempt is made to address what Search Engine Optimization is and its importance along with various algorithms used by Google for ranking and analyzing a website.